The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.